Yana: I just don’t understand. We used to fish here all the time as kids, and we always caught a lot of fish. We’ve been here three hours and haven’t caught a single fish.
Brandy: Two words: acid rain. The water in the lake is probably acidic from acid rain, and many types of fish are not able to survive in acidic water. Before long, acid rain may wipe out most of the fish in this lake.
Yana: So the acid rain is decreasing the biodiversity within the lake’s ecosystem.
Brandy: Yes. As the lake becomes more acidic, the numbers and types of fish, plants and animals that live in the lake decrease.
Yana: And there’s nothing we can do about it?
Brandy: Well, to reduce acid rain, we can clean up the oil and coal power plants that cause it or use more renewable resources, such as solar power and wind power.
Now let’s review the vocabulary
Acid rain is rain that contains dangerous chemicals (due to smoke from burning fossil fuels that contain sulfur) and that damages trees, crops, buildings, fish in lakes and streams, and other things.
To wipe out means to destroy something completely.
Biodiversity is the different kinds of plants and animals that exist in an environment. It is the variety of life.
An ecosystem is everything that exists in a particular environment, including living things, such as plants and animals, and things that are not living, such as rocks, soil, sunlight and water.
Reduce means to make something smaller or to decrease. In environmental contexts, it often means to use less of something or to use fewer resources.
A renewable resource is a resource that comes from things that will not run out or that is naturally replenished, such as solar power or wind power.
Solar power is energy that comes from the sun.
Wind power is energy that comes from the movement of air.